Red Roses are beloved flowers worldwide and are known as the queen of Flowers. The scientific name of the red rose is Rosa rubiginosa, a flowering plant.
Red Roses are used to symbolize romance, desire, and affection. These flowers are widely cultivated throughout the world. It is highly liked due to its beauty and captivating scent.
History of Red Roses
In Greek mythology, it is believed that the tears and blood of Aphrodite, the Goddess of Love produced red roses. During Roman mythology, red roses were linked to Venus. In the Victorian Era when romantic gestures and shows of affection were banned, it was used to send messages of love.
Physical Appearance
Form:
Red roses are commonly present in the form of climbing or trailing shrubs.
Leaves:
Their leaves are glossy and have toothed edges arranged alternatively.
Stem:
Roses have prickles on their stems known as thorns.
Flower Shape:
Red Roses have cup-shaped flowers with a little longer outer petals than the ones towards the center.
Length:
A common type of rose bush can grow up to 2 feet to 7 feet tall.
Importance of Red Roses
We can use Garden Roses for decorative purposes due to their attractive appearance. We use them on occasions and festivals like weddings and funerals.
They are also used in making perfumes for captivating fragrances and in cooking because all types of rose petals are edible.
Qualities of Red Roses
Fragrance:
Garden Roses have the most pleasant, delightful, and captivating fragrances and are widely used in making perfumes.
Long-lasting:
Red Roses can live for many years and make our homes, offices, and other places beautiful season after season.
Beauty:
Roses are liked because of their stunning blooms in a wide range of colors including red, pink, yellow, white, pastel pink, peach, cream, etc.
Use in medicine:
Red roses are also used in medication for the treatment of inflammation, depression, stress, aging, seizures, diabetes, and dysmenorrhea.
Use in skin care:
We can use rose water to make skin bright and it is best for cleansing. It is used as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-irritant.
Easy to grow:
Roses are easy to grow and they do not require so much care and offer a hands-free experience. So, beginners can grow roses in their gardens, offices, and nurseries easily.
Hardiness:
Roses are notable for their hardiness, they can tolerate harsh winters and summers and can grow normally.
Rapid Growth:
We can grow red roses rapidly if we properly care for them and they will bloom throughout the year. They can grow in any environment except the Arctic.
Categories Of Garden Roses
We have explained below the categories of rose:
1. Hybrid tea roses:
We can use hybrid tea roses in landscaping. Hybrid tea roses have long stems that can reach anywhere and have bountiful blooms with 30 to 50 petals.
2. Floribunda roses:
These roses are free-branching shrubs and bloom continuously. They produce clusters of flowers throughout the season. They are resistant to diseases and they are easy to care for.
3. Grandiflora roses:
They have combined traits of tea hybrid and floribunda roses and it produces clusters of flowers. Each cluster consists of three to five blooms and it also blooms throughout the season.
4. Polyantha roses:
Gardeners more like Polyantha due to their low maintenance and disease-resistant qualities. These rose plants are similar to the floribunda but have shorter plants and smaller blooms and they can easily grow in small garden spaces and containers.
5. Miniature Roses:
These are compact forms of hybrid tea and grandiflora roses, which can grow up to 15 to 30 inches tall. They have shorter blooms which are closer to the floribunda.
6. Shrub Roses:
These roses sprawl wide and large and can grow 5 to 15 feet in any direction. Shrub roses produce bountiful clusters of blooms and they are notable for their cold hardiness.
7. China roses:
These roses have a lovely fragrance and have compact and bushy blooms. They are peasants in various colors like purple roses, soft pink, bright red, and cheery yellow. They produce blooms from summer to late fall and are disease-resistant.
8. Climbing Roses:
We can train the climbing roses to climb high because they have long and flexible canes. They are provided with support that reaches great heights along walls, fences, trellises, and arbors.
Common Varieties
1. Ingrid Bergman:
These roses have large flowers and have strong stems. These flowers also have a velvety, red appearance which has 25 to 40 petals.
2. Mr. Lincoln:
These roses have upright growth and, are disease-resistant. Mr. Lincoln has dark red flower colors, a velvety appearance, and a strong fragrance.
3. Chrysler Imperial:
These are hybrid tea roses that have a strong fragrance and are famous for their pointed buds.
4. Double Delight:
These roses have a bushy appearance and are good cutting roses. The blooms have a creamy white color at the center and ruby red at the edges.
Care Guide For Beginners
Temperature
Temperature: Red roses are hardy plants and can withstand extreme temperatures, but roses grow best in warm temperatures. The best temperature for Garden Roses is between 60 and 70 degrees Fahrenheit. They cannot tolerate temperatures above 80 degrees F and below 30 degrees F. At this temperature roses bloom continuously and grow normally and healthy.
Water
Water the roses when the top 2 to 3 inches of soil are dry. We should water the newly planted roses daily, especially in dry water, so that the roots will develop earlier. Prevent overwatering because it will cause root rot, and ultimately, the plant will die. Underwatering causes the wrinkling of leaves, so water your plants regularly.
Right Location
Roses require well-drained soil rich with organic matter. Roses are heavy feeders and require more nutrients. For planting roses, choose a location that receives direct sunlight 6 hours a day.
Light Requirement
Light is the most important factor in rose flower growth and it also affects the plant growth and its blooming ability. Roses like full sun so plant them at a location that receives direct sunlight. They require 4 to 6 hours of direct sunlight daily.
Pruning
Prune the red roses once a year, late in the winter, as pruning is important for the development and flowering of roses. So they will complete their development before the spring and bloom continuously. Prune roses 1/3 of their size are present in windy or exposed areas.
Soil condition
Add some organic matter to the soil because roses are heavy feeders. They require more nutrition for their proper growth and healthy blooms. Roses recommend well-drained soil rich with organic matter.Humidity70% to 80% humidity is ideal for the normal growth of roses. During harsh summer days, water the roses regularly; otherwise, roses may have wilted leaves.
Fertilization
Roses are hungry plants and they require fertilization for their healthy growth. Fertilize the roses in the early spring when the new growth starts every 3 to 4 weeks. Add the fertilizer at the base and protect the leaves from it because it will damage them. Liquid fertilizer is recommended.
Add a water-soluble fertilizer that contains both three major nutrients nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Banana peels are also very beneficial for strong stems and healthy blooms. Use organic fertilizer because it releases slowly and improves soil. However, chemical fertilizer shows immediate results but it can also harm the plant.
Care of red roses during winter
Garden Roses are tolerant to cold temperatures and when the winter starts the roses go into dormancy. At the end of the winter prune the top third part of the plant to reduce the winter damage. Garden Roses are cold tolerant but winter is cold but dry. So, water your roses and add 10 to 12 inches of soil around the base of the rose. Make a collar around the plant with the help of a wire hoop add leaves to fill the collar and wrap it with a piece of burlap. This will protect the plants from harsh winters.
Factors Affecting Red Roses
Over watering: Over watering causes the root to rot and the plant ultimately dies.
Under watering: Under watering ceases the growth and causes wrinkling of leaves
Deficiency of light: Light is important for normal growth of roses and they stop blooming in the absence of light.
Pests affecting roses: Aphids, whiteflies, spider mites, thrips, mealybugs, and southern blights are the pests that affect roses.
Diseases affecting roses: The main diseases that affect roses are root rot, powdery mildews, leaf spot, and botrytis blight
How to plant roses
1. Soak the roots of the rose plant 12 hours before planting and let them dry out.
2. We will dig an 18-inch wide and deep hole. The hole would equal the depth of the rot ball in which the rose was planted.
3. Now add organic matter to the soil you removed while digging the hole. This will help the plant to start its growth in its new home.
4. Gently remove the pot from the rose. Let its roots be loosened and if the plant is large prune it before transplanting.
5. In the center of the hole make a mound and spread the roots down the sides of the mound.
6. In the center of the hole make a mound and spread the roots down the sides of the mound.
7. After settling the soil, water the plant and add 1 to 2 inches of mulch around the rose.
8. Select a location that has well-drained soil and that receives bright light 6 hours a day.